Internet Addiction in Children and Adolescents: Warning Signs for Parents

The Internet is a space with virtually unlimited access to information, communication tools, educational resources, and entertainment, such as online gaming. It is a powerful tool, a window to the world, providing children and adolescents with numerous opportunities. Today, it’s hard to imagine functioning without a computer, tablet, or smartphone. Children without access to these devices can face digital and social exclusion. While internet use brings many benefits, it can also pose certain risks, which may manifest through specific symptoms of addiction.
The pioneer of research on problematic internet use was American psychologist Kimberly Sue Young O’Mara. In 1995, she founded the Center for Internet Addiction. Her scientific dedication and engagement led to groundbreaking studies in the field of internet addiction. She also developed one of the most well-known tools for diagnosing this type of addiction: the Internet Addiction Test. Based on her research and knowledge, Kimberly Young argued that digital addiction is similar to addiction to drugs and alcohol, and that excessive use of digital devices can impact the brain in ways similar to cocaine or heroin.
Young’s research and theoretical analyses helped to identify a range of symptoms associated with compulsive internet use. Signs of addiction to the virtual world among children and adolescents can include the following categories: withdrawal from activities the child was previously involved in (e.g., hobbies, social gatherings); problems with concentration and motivation for learning due to excessive internet use; inability to control the amount of time spent online; sleep disturbances and physical health issues, such as fatigue, headaches, or vision problems, caused by too much screen time; anxiety and irritability when deprived of internet access; lack of ability to plan time for internet use; experiencing social and personal issues related to strong engagement with the virtual world; lying to close ones to conceal internet use; and using the internet as a form of escape from difficulties, problems, or unpleasant emotional states.
Recognizing the above-mentioned symptoms early on can help parents and caregivers take action to support their children in using the internet responsibly.